01627nas a2200169 4500008004100000245009200041210006900133260004200202300001200244490000600256520106100262100002401323700001701347700002001364700002101384856005201405 2007 eng d00aDNA Extraction from Dry Museum Beetles without Conferring External Morphological Damage0 aDNA Extraction from Dry Museum Beetles without Conferring Extern bPublic Library of Sciencec2007/03/07 ae272 - 0 v23 aBackground

A large number of dry-preserved insect specimens exist in collections around the world that might be useful for genetic analyses. However, until now, the recovery of nucleic acids from such specimens has involved at least the partial destruction of the specimen. This is clearly undesirable when dealing with rare species or otherwise important specimens, such as type specimens.

Methodology

We describe a method for the extraction of PCR-amplifiable mitochondrial and nuclear DNA from dry insects without causing external morphological damage. Using PCR to amplify ≈220 bp of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I, and 250–345 bp fragments of the multi-copy, nuclear 28s ribosomal DNA gene, we demonstrate the efficacy of this method on beetles collected up to 50 years ago.

Conclusions

This method offers a means of obtaining useful genetic information from rare insects without conferring external morphological damage.

1 aGilbert, Thomas, P.1 aMoore, Wendy1 aMelchior, Linea1 aWorobey, Michael uhttp://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.000027201384nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260003000230300001400260490000700274520073000281653001401011653003001025653001601055653001301071100002201084700001701106856005501123 2009 eng d a1440-605500aThe first known larva of the Australian genus Mystropomus Chaudoir (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Paussinae)0 afirst known larva of the Australian genus Mystropomus Chaudoir C bBlackwell Publishing Asia a140–1480 v483 aThe monogeneric subtribe Mystropomina Chaudoir (Carabidae: Paussinae: Ozaenini) contains two species endemic to Australia: Mystropomus subcostatus Chaudoir and Mystropomus regularis Bänninger. In this paper, we describe and illustrate the larva of M. subcostatus providing the first larval description in this subtribe, thereby filling an important gap in our knowledge of paussine larval morphology. We compare the structural features of this larva with the other known larvae in the subfamily and provide an identification key to larvae of Australian paussine genera. We find no external structural features that indicate that this larva lives with ants, as do many other members of the carabid beetle subfamily Paussinae.10aAustralia10aflanged bombardier beetle10aMystropomus10aOzaenini1 aDi Giulio, Andrea1 aMoore, Wendy uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.2009.00698.x02313nas a2200133 4500008004100000022001300041245011200054210006900166300001200235490000700247520184800254100001702102856006002119 2008 eng d a0097446300aPhylogeny of the Western Hemisphere Ozaenini (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Paussinae) based on DNA sequence data}0 aPhylogeny of the Western Hemisphere Ozaenini Coleoptera Carabida a79–920 v773 a

Western Hemisphere species of bombardier beetles in the carabid tribe Ozaenini are distributed from southern Arizona and southern Texas to southern Chile, with more than 80% of described species being endemic to the tropics. Recent taxonomic works variously classify the 145 described species into six or 17 genera, indicating general disagreement on what constitutes natural lineages in the group. This study provides the first phylogenetic analysis of the Western Hemisphere Ozaenini using DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. In the resulting trees, the following three suprageneric clades are supported by high bootstrap and posterior probability values: the Ozaena group (Ozaena Olivier + Platycerozaena Bnninger + Goniotropis Gray), the Tropopsis group (Tropopsis Solier + Entomoantyx Ball and McCleve), and the Pachyteles group (Pachyteles Perty + Physea Brull + Tachypeles Deuve + Inflatozaena Deuve + Fificerozaena Deuve + Proozaena Deuve + Serratozaena Deuve). Close relationship among genera within the Ozaena group, and among genera within the Pachyteles group were not predicted and have not previously been hypothesized. Among the most surprising results is that Pachyteles (sensu lato) and Goniotropis are not sister groups, but rather represent well-defined and distantly related clades. The phylogeny inferred from molecular sequence data led to discovery of morphological characters unique to the Pachyteles group that clearly distinguish members of Pachyteles (sensu lato) from Goniotropis. These morphological characters are described and illustrated. Results provide evidence for polyphyly of the genera Pachyleles, Tachypeles and Goniotropis as they are currently defined. Adults of Tachypeles moretianus Deuve and Serratozaena Deuve are reported for the first time to be myrmecophilous.

1 aMoore, Wendy uhttp://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.2992/0097-4463-77.1.7901936nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245009100055210006900146260000900215300001000224520144100234100001701675700002001692700002201712856004401734 2011 eng d a1313-297000aThe larva of Eustra (Coleoptera, Paussinae, Ozaenini):a facultative associate of ants.0 alarva of Eustra Coleoptera Paussinae Ozaeninia facultative assoc c2011 a63-823 a

Larvae of the ground beetle genus Eustra Schmidt-Goebel are described and illustrated for the first time and some biological notes are reported. One specimen of an unknown Eustra species was collected while excavating a nest of the ant Pachycondyla javana Mayr, in Taiwan, which is the first report of a paussine associated with a member of the ant subfamily Ponerinae. Several larvae and adults of a second species, Eustra chinensis Bänninger, were collected in Shanghai under bark with no association with ants. First instar larvae of the latter species were also reared in the lab. The occurrence of larvae of the genus Eustra both inside and outside ant nests, together with a report of adults collected inside a nest in Taiwan, suggests that members of this genus may be facultative predators or facultative symbionts of ants, an attribute that has never been reported for this genus. The larvae of Eustra show several unique features, including a peculiar bidentate mandibular apex, an extremely long galea, one of two tarsal claws greatly reduced, abdominal setae (including those of terminal disk) elongate and clavate at apex, urogomphi wide and flattened, and inflated sensilla S-I. Larvae were studied by both optical and scanning electron microscopy, their morphological features are compared with those of other described Paussinae larvae, and their potential phylogenetic and functional significance are discussed.

1 aMoore, Wendy1 aBin Song, Xiao-1 aDi Giulio, Andrea uhttps://paussinae.myspecies.info/node/3