01384nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260003000230300001400260490000700274520073000281653001401011653003001025653001601055653001301071100002201084700001701106856005501123 2009 eng d a1440-605500aThe first known larva of the Australian genus Mystropomus Chaudoir (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Paussinae)0 afirst known larva of the Australian genus Mystropomus Chaudoir C bBlackwell Publishing Asia a140–1480 v483 aThe monogeneric subtribe Mystropomina Chaudoir (Carabidae: Paussinae: Ozaenini) contains two species endemic to Australia: Mystropomus subcostatus Chaudoir and Mystropomus regularis Bänninger. In this paper, we describe and illustrate the larva of M. subcostatus providing the first larval description in this subtribe, thereby filling an important gap in our knowledge of paussine larval morphology. We compare the structural features of this larva with the other known larvae in the subfamily and provide an identification key to larvae of Australian paussine genera. We find no external structural features that indicate that this larva lives with ants, as do many other members of the carabid beetle subfamily Paussinae.10aAustralia10aflanged bombardier beetle10aMystropomus10aOzaenini1 aDi Giulio, Andrea1 aMoore, Wendy uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.2009.00698.x02706nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245012600055210006900181260001300250300001100263490000700274520195100281653001202232653002302244653001202267653001102279653000902290653001302299100002202312700002202334700003202356700002002388856004402408 2012 eng d a1878-429100aFunctional structure of antennal sensilla in the myrmecophilous beetle Paussus favieri (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Paussini).0 aFunctional structure of antennal sensilla in the myrmecophilous  c2012 Jun a705-190 v433 a

The evolution of a myrmecophilous lifestyle in beetles is often associated with morphological alterations. In particular, the antennae of all members of the myrmecophilous ground beetle tribe Paussini are greatly modified, with flagellomeres flattened or crassate, frequently reduced in number from 9 to 5 or even 1 single "antennal club". The enhanced glandular function of the antennal club has been recently described by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy in Paussus favieri Fairmaire, 1851, where the antenna has become a complex glandular organ, supplying rewarding substances to the ants. In the present work, the antennal sensilla of P. favieri are investigated by SEM, TEM and focused ion beam (FIB/SEM) technology. Most sensilla of scape and antennal club are highly modified mechanoreceptors (i.e. multipointed, fringed, branched, brush-like, sickle-shaped), singly or grouped in tufts ("antennal symphilous organs"). These "trichomes", here assigned to 8 different morphotypes of sensilla chaetica (Ch.1-Ch.8), show a variable number of basal pores (present also at the base of the taste sensilla Ch.9), which spread dense substances of unknown chemical composition on the seta. Although hygro-, thermo- and chemoreceptors are reduced in number as compared with non-myrmecophilous relatives, and mainly relegated to the apex of the antennal club, their diversity is comparable to that of other carabid beetles: two types of sensilla trichodea (Tr.1-Tr.2); three types of basiconica (Ba.1-Ba.3); one type of campaniformia (Ca); one type of coeloconica (Co) and one type of Böhm sensilla (Bo). Contrary to the hypothesis that Paussus species lack a Johston's organ, a non-connective chordotonal organ composed of 9 groups of scolopidia has been found inside the pedicel. A comparison between sensilla of P. favieri and those of other non-myrmecophilous and myrmecophilous ground beetle species is provided.

10aAnimals10aArthropod Antennae10aBeetles10aFemale10aMale10aSensilla1 aDi Giulio, Andrea1 aMaurizi, Emanuela1 aStacconi, Marco, Valerio Ro1 aRomani, Roberto uhttps://paussinae.myspecies.info/node/502315nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245011600055210006900171260001300240300001200253490000700265520147900272653001201751653000901763653001201772653002101784653001101805653000901816653002101825653003501846653001201881653001401893100002201907700003201929700002001961856004401981 2009 eng d a1873-549500aFine structure of the antennal glands of the ant nest beetle Paussus favieri (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Paussini).0 aFine structure of the antennal glands of the ant nest beetle Pau c2009 Jul a293-3020 v383 a

The antennae of the ant nest beetle Paussus favieri are studied by using both SEM and TEM. In the myrmecophilous genus Paussus, these structures are composed of three joints: scape, pedicel and a wide third joint, the "antennal club", resulting from the fusion of antennomeres A3-A11 (flagellum). The antennal club shows an exceptional glandular activity, with the presence of pores mostly crowded in special hairless cuticular areas, surrounding the base of single setae, grouped at the base of tufts of setae, or positioned inside deep pockets that store the secretions, with filiform material arising from them. The surface of A1 and A3 are covered by mechanoreceptors, modified to spread the glandular exudates, while the chemoreceptors are restricted to the apex of the club. The fine structural analysis shows a great number of antennal glands, that can be referred to three main typologies: type A (GhA) bi-cellular, composed of a large secretory cell and a small duct cell, positioned close to the antennal surface; type B (GhB), tri-cellular, composed of two secretory cells and one duct cell, less frequent and positioned deep inside the antennal club; type C (GhC), rare, located deeply within the antennal lumen, in the vicinity of the trophocytes. This complexity indicates that more than one substance could be released from the antennae. Possible functional aspects of the secretions dealing with symbiotic interaction with the host ants are discussed.

10aAnimals10aAnts10aBeetles10aEndocrine Glands10aFemale10aMale10aMechanoreceptors10aMicroscopy, Electron, Scanning10aMorocco10aSymbiosis1 aDi Giulio, Andrea1 aStacconi, Marco, Valerio Ro1 aRomani, Roberto uhttps://paussinae.myspecies.info/node/601936nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245009100055210006900146260000900215300001000224520144100234100001701675700002001692700002201712856004401734 2011 eng d a1313-297000aThe larva of Eustra (Coleoptera, Paussinae, Ozaenini):a facultative associate of ants.0 alarva of Eustra Coleoptera Paussinae Ozaeninia facultative assoc c2011 a63-823 a

Larvae of the ground beetle genus Eustra Schmidt-Goebel are described and illustrated for the first time and some biological notes are reported. One specimen of an unknown Eustra species was collected while excavating a nest of the ant Pachycondyla javana Mayr, in Taiwan, which is the first report of a paussine associated with a member of the ant subfamily Ponerinae. Several larvae and adults of a second species, Eustra chinensis Bänninger, were collected in Shanghai under bark with no association with ants. First instar larvae of the latter species were also reared in the lab. The occurrence of larvae of the genus Eustra both inside and outside ant nests, together with a report of adults collected inside a nest in Taiwan, suggests that members of this genus may be facultative predators or facultative symbionts of ants, an attribute that has never been reported for this genus. The larvae of Eustra show several unique features, including a peculiar bidentate mandibular apex, an extremely long galea, one of two tarsal claws greatly reduced, abdominal setae (including those of terminal disk) elongate and clavate at apex, urogomphi wide and flattened, and inflated sensilla S-I. Larvae were studied by both optical and scanning electron microscopy, their morphological features are compared with those of other described Paussinae larvae, and their potential phylogenetic and functional significance are discussed.

1 aMoore, Wendy1 aBin Song, Xiao-1 aDi Giulio, Andrea uhttps://paussinae.myspecies.info/node/3